Microbiology is the scientific study of microscopic organisms and how they interact with other organisms in their environment, including humans, animals, and plants. A key role of microbiology is to investigate and discover how microorganisms affect our lives. For this, it incorporates knowledge and concepts from various subfields of study in biology such as virology, mycology, parasitology, and bacteriology, etc. Microbiologists work in research and clinical settings in various fields including biomedicine, pharmacology, food production and technology, genetics, forensic science, health care, environmental protection, and other domains.